Answer
Yes. IBM explicitly says Linux, AIX, and VIOS logical partitions can use remaining processor and memory resources on the S1112 after the IBM i limits are accounted for. That is one reason the platform matters for smaller modernization programs instead of only plain hardware refreshes.
In practical terms, that means a shop can keep IBM i inside the documented P05 boundary while still planning side services such as APIs, monitoring components, web front ends, or AI-adjacent workloads on the same machine. Buyers should still document partition isolation and growth assumptions before they quote it.